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	<title>Harris Harris Bauerle Sharma</title>
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	<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com</link>
	<description>Harris Harris Bauerle Sharma Eminent Domain Blog</description>
	<pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2012 18:08:08 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Zephyrhills residents oppose plan to make U.S. 301 one-way</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=872</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=872#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2012 18:06:32 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[ZEPHYRHILLS — Longtime Zephyrhills resident Lora Morrison saw the  signs as she was driving by First Church of the Nazarene on 12th Street  Thursday night and decided to stop. Inside was an open house and public  hearing for Florida Department of Transportation&#8217;s U.S. 301 widening  project, and she wanted her voice [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ZEPHYRHILLS — Longtime Zephyrhills resident Lora Morrison saw the  signs as she was driving by First Church of the Nazarene on 12th Street  Thursday night and decided to stop. Inside was an open house and public  hearing for Florida Department of Transportation&#8217;s U.S. 301 widening  project, and she wanted her voice to be heard.<span id="more-872"></span></p>
<p>&#8220;I&#8217;ve never done this before,&#8221; she said standing before the crowd during the public comment portion of the hearing.</p>
<p>&#8220;Just  looking at this, we have a small town. We&#8217;re not Wesley Chapel where  there&#8217;s not a focus of being a smaller town. We&#8217;re not North Tampa.  We&#8217;re not a Dale Mabry,&#8221; she said, adding that she&#8217;s not in favor of a  proposal that makes U.S. 301, known locally as Gall Boulevard, a  one-way, northbound road. &#8220;I can&#8217;t imagine having 301 a one-way where  people just whip down and don&#8217;t stop to smell the roses.&#8221;</p>
<p>Morrison,  50, captured the essence of city and community leaders&#8217; concerns with  that very plan, and she drew the loudest applause of the 10 speakers.  All, but one speaker who said he had no preference, were against the  transportation department&#8217;s plan to transform that stretch of U.S. 301  through the city&#8217;s business district into a one-way road. The concern is  that motorists will simply pass through rather than stop, shop and eat  at local establishments, because turning around to enter businesses  could be cumbersome. The area is also is the focus of city redevelopment  and development plans to turn it into a thriving business district.</p>
<p>About  76 people turned out for the two-hour open house and hearing, which was  the last public opportunity for community members to voice their  opinions about the nearly 2½-mile project designed to alleviate traffic  congestion. While only a handful spoke publicly, the majority filled out  written comment cards that transportation department staff will review  before deciding on a plan.</p>
<p>Because of the community&#8217;s concerns,  the project has for years been stalled while city officials came up with  an alternative plan that changes the route of U.S. 301, sweeping it  onto Seventh Street so it runs up to the current U.S. 301 and Fort King  Road intersection. Under the city&#8217;s preferred plan, Gall Boulevard  remains a two-way, two-lane road.</p>
<p>&#8220;Both alternatives are good for  moving cars,&#8221; City Manager Jim Drumm said during the hearing, &#8220;but  Zephyrhills is more than moving cars.&#8221;</p>
<p>Todd Vande Berg, city  planning and development director, echoed that sentiment, saying a  one-way road could crush their vision of redevelopment in the business  district.</p>
<p>&#8220;As a smaller community we feel that it&#8217;s extremely  important to keep the spine of our city completely accessible,&#8221; he told  the crowd.</p>
<p>Ernest Peeples, 74, whose family has had businesses in  Zephyrhills for 70 years, said not only is he against the transportation  department&#8217;s original plan, so are his commercial tenants.</p>
<p>&#8220;They  all feel like if we make 301 one-way it will harm our businesses,&#8221; he  said during public comments. &#8220;We would love to see 301 stay two ways.&#8221;</p>
<p>A  decision on which plan will move forward is expected by the end of  April, but construction is still several years out. Right-of-way  acquisition — which includes 22 commercial and residential properties  with the original plan and 27 properties under the city&#8217;s preferred plan  — is set to begin next year and continue until 2015.</p>
<p>Construction  likely wouldn&#8217;t begin until two years after that. If the Department of  Transportation plan is chosen, it would cost about $48 million to  complete while the city&#8217;s plan would cost an estimated $54 million.</p>
<p>Drumm told the crowd that the community&#8217;s return would outweigh the additional costs for the city&#8217;s preferred plan.</p>
<p>By Lisa A. Davis, Times Correspondent</p>
<p>Follow link below to full article:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.tampabay.com/news/transportation/roads/zephyrhills-residents-oppose-plan-to-make-us-301-one-way/1217051http://" target="_blank">http://www.tampabay.com/news/transportation/roads/zephyrhills-residents-oppose-plan-to-make-us-301-one-way/1217051</a></p>
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		<title>Planning for Central Polk Parkway under way</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=868</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=868#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Sep 2010 20:21:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[More than 100 residents — hungry for information on the proposed  Central Polk Parkway — heard a presentation from, and discussed  specifics with, officials from the Florida Department of Transportation  Monday at the W.H. Stuart Conference Center in Bartow.The DOT  plans to build  a pair of north/south connecting roadways, to  [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>More than 100 residents — hungry for information on the proposed  Central Polk Parkway — heard a presentation from, and discussed  specifics with, officials from the Florida Department of Transportation  Monday at the W.H. Stuart Conference Center in Bartow.<span id="more-868"></span>The DOT  plans to build  a pair of north/south connecting roadways, to  accommodate new growth, cut congestion and to better serve business.</p>
<p>Plans  call for the “western” route of a four-lane limited access highway to  stretch from the Polk Parkway (State Road 570) to State Road 60, east of  Bartow. Planners whittled down options for the eastern roadway to five  possibilities or “viable corridors” from 13 choices.</p>
<p>The “eastern” highway would run from Interstate 4 (near the Polk /Oscela county line) to SR 60.</span></p>
<p><span>The western portion, located closer to Bartow, is considered a  “cost feasible project” that DOT assumes would likely  be funded  entirely through toll collections.</p>
<p>Cindy Clemmons, public  information officer for DOT, said that a feasibility study by sister  agency, Florida Turnpike Enterprise, showed that state-wide plans to  construct north/south and east/west limited highways stretching over  great chunks of land were not economically viable. The only portion of  those plans projected for full support by tolls was the western Polk  County section.</p>
<p>Jim and Marilyn Cummings, from southwest of Highland City, showed up at the meeting to protest possible road expansion.</p>
<p>Jim  Cummings said that friends of the couple would be “highly impacted”  since the  roadway’s path might slice through their property.</p>
<p>“I  don’t see any need for the road,” he said. “They could widen (U.S.  Highway) 27  and make it a limited access highway and accomplish the  same thing.”</p>
<p>Marilyn Cummings was concerned that several native species of plants found nowhere else were threatened.</span></p>
<p><span>Tom and Mary Jo Williamson of Bartow examined the maps and information posted around the meeting hall.</p>
<p>“I   wonder where Legoland fits into this,” said Tom Williamson. “In a day,  4,000 people will be getting in and out, and it looks like this will  help.”</p>
<p>Using the most liberal estimates, motorists might travel the new highway in 2020.</p>
<p>A  three-year planning and study phase will be completed next year. Design  is estimated to last from two to three years and right-of-way  acquisition would take from two to three years. Actual construction is  scheduled to consume from five to 10 years.</p>
<p>So far, no funding has been approved.</p>
<p>“If no funding is available, the project will be delayed,” according to the PowerPoint demonstration.</p>
<p>One option for the western portion of he $114 million to $128 million project is to not build the highway.</p>
<p>If  the Central Polk Parkway is not built, options to lessen roadway  congestion include: widening SR 60 to six lanes; widening Rifle Range  Road to six lanes; four-laning a proposed Bartow connector, from U.S.  Highway 17 to SR 60; six-laning of Spirit Lake Road from US 17 to Recker  Highway and/or four-laning of Recker Highway from Spirit Lake Road to  US 17.</p>
<p>Pete McNally, director of emergency management, considered how a new roadway might be beneficial in a hurricane.</p>
<p>“Since  a lot of people have to get shelter or to evacuate, and there are not  too many north/south corridors, it could help a large number of people,”  said McNally.</p>
<p>DOT projects huge growth. A proposed CSX facility might add 750 trucks a day to area roads.</p>
<p>Based  on statistics from the Central Florida Development Council, DOT used  information showing 8.6 million residents, with a workforce of 3.4  million, within a 100 mile radius of Polk County.</p>
<p>Estimates from  the Transportation Planning Organization show that by 2035, almost a  million people will call Polk County home and total employment will  reach 473,000.</p>
<p>Population is expected to increase by 63 percent and employment by 90 percent.</p>
<p>Planners  are counting on the proposed Clear Springs development, near the  southern end of the planned western portion of the roadway, to double  the population of Bartow.</span></p>
<p><span><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/9.15.10 Planning for Central Polk Parkway under way [Polk County Democrat].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article:</a><br />
</span></p>
<h5>By BILL RETTEW JR.</h5>
<h5>Polk County Democrat Newspaper</h5>
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		<title>Wekiva Parkway: Critics look for ways to block toll road that would complete loop around Orlando</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=863</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=863#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Sep 2010 17:23:38 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[By Dan Tracy, ORLANDO SENTINEL
August 27, 2010












The $1.8 billion Wekiva Parkway, the last link in the  long-sought beltway around Metro Orlando, has never been closer to being  built — a prospect that has road builders and motorists cheering.But not everyone is looking forward to the new toll road.
Critics contend the 26-mile highway slated [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By Dan Tracy, ORLANDO SENTINEL</p>
<p>August 27, 2010</p>
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<p>The $1.8 billion Wekiva Parkway, the last link in the  long-sought beltway around Metro Orlando, has never been closer to being  built — a prospect that has road builders and motorists cheering.<span id="more-863"></span>But not everyone is looking forward to the new toll road.</p>
<p>Critics contend the 26-mile highway slated for parts of Seminole, Lake  and Orange counties would reduce land values and quality of life for  some homeowners, as well as threaten the financial stability of the toll  agency charged with its construction and operation.</p>
<p>Foes also complain that the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority  would grab too much power from Lake and Seminole by building the road in  those jurisdictions.</p>
<p>&#8220;Amazing, blatant disregard to the people who put them in office,&#8221;  Wekiva opponent Dan Macaluso said of the recent Seminole County  Commission decision to grant the authority construction rights.</p>
<p>Macaluso, president of the Sylvan Lake Reserve homeowners association  north of Sanford, represents a coalition of nearly 1,000 home and  business owners in Seminole who fear the parkway will come too close to  their properties.</p>
<p>He said his group has offered a different route for the parkway, but it  was rebuffed by the agency as too expensive and poorly designed.</p>
<p>Though plans for the road have been discussed for years, Macaluso fears  the project is gaining momentum to the point that &#8220;it just seems like  it&#8217;s being pushed through.&#8221;</p>
<p>With Seminole&#8217;s approval in hand and Lake&#8217;s seemingly on the way, the  authority last week picked up another major authorization: a go-ahead  from the federal government concerning the road&#8217;s potential impact to  the environment.</p>
<p>Now the authority intends to schedule public hearings — probably in late  October — to plot the road&#8217;s exact alignment in the already-determined  corridor. Seminole and Lake would have to sign off on the final path  before more in-depth planning and engineering could occur.</p>
<p>Under those circumstances, construction could start as early as 2014, with completion in 2018.</p>
<p>The route is expected to follow State Road 46, at least in part, and  would act as a connection between Mount Dora in Lake with Sanford in  Seminole.</p>
<p>Authority Chairman Walter Ketcham is ready to go, arguing the poor economy makes the timing perfect for a major road project.</p>
<p>&#8220;There&#8217;s not a better time to do it,&#8221; he said. &#8220;Prices of property are down; prices of construction are down.&#8221;</p>
<p>And interest rates are near historical lows, too. That&#8217;s important  because the authority might have to borrow close to $2 billion to pay  for the work. It would be paid for largely by a 25-cent hike in tolls  last year, plus future increases based on inflation.</p>
<p>Former Orange County Commissioner Fran Pignone fears Wekiva represents  too much debt for the authority, which already is repaying $2.1 billion  spent on building and maintaining a 105-mile system.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s a hell of a load to take on,&#8221; said Pignone, who served on a  committee last year that reviewed the authority&#8217;s inner workings at the  behest of board member and Orange County Mayor Rich Crotty.</p>
<p>Pignone would like to see the agency find another financial partner,  possibly the state or federal government, to help pay for the project.</p>
<p>Ketcham said he would prefer a partner, too, but has found no volunteers.</p>
<p>&#8220;You can sit back and wait for some benefactor to come forward. We haven&#8217;t seen any evidence of that,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>Another foe is Bertina Busch, president of the Pine Hills Community  Council and publisher of the Pine Hills Press, which is distributed once  every two months.</p>
<p>She contends residents of Pine Hills, a blue-collar neighborhood west of  Orlando, should not have to pay higher tolls to build the Wekiva, a  road they might rarely use. Most people who live in Pine Hills use State  Road 408, which runs along the southern edge of the community.</p>
<p>&#8220;I do think this is the most unfair situation I have seen. … Traditionally, we have no voice,&#8221; Busch said.</p>
<p>Ketcham counters that no one in Pine Hills is forced to ride the 408,  also known as the East-West Expressway. And, he said, toll roads relieve  congestion on other streets by taking cars off them.</p>
<p>&#8220;If you don&#8217;t want to use the [toll] roads, you don&#8217;t have to use them,&#8221; Ketcham said.</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/8.27.10 Wekiva Parkway [Orlando Sentinel].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article.</a></p>
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		<title>Is the U.S. turning a corner on high-speed rail?</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=859</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=859#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Aug 2010 19:37:48 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Rail Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=859</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For a while now, crazy situations, hunger pangs and frustrating  hours behind the wheel have been making life slightly miserable for  Florida commuter Joe Panyanouvong. The attorney who regularly makes the  84-mile journey between Orlando and Tampa on Interstate 4 is ready for a  solution.&#8220;I have made this trip many times [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For a while now, crazy situations, hunger pangs and frustrating  hours behind the wheel have been making life slightly miserable for  Florida commuter Joe Panyanouvong. The attorney who regularly makes the  84-mile journey between Orlando and Tampa on Interstate 4 is ready for a  solution.<span id="more-859"></span>&#8220;I have made this trip many times during peak hours for  work and leisure. It can feel like a parking lot at times,&#8221; said  Panyanouvong. &#8220;During heavy traffic it&#8217;s taken me as long as 2.5 hours  to get from Orlando to Tampa.&#8221;</p>
<p>He recalls one day when &#8212; despite  departing Orlando early to get a head start on a business trip &#8212;  traffic and farm animals got the best of him near U.S. Route 27 and  Interstate 4.</p>
<p>A cow had wandered past a fence onto the road, causing tie-ups and headaches.</p>
<p>&#8220;I  ended up missing lunch because of that cow,&#8221; Panyanouvong said with a  laugh. &#8220;I don&#8217;t like missing lunch and I especially don&#8217;t like getting  stuck in traffic due to wandering farm animals or any other reason.&#8221;</p>
<p>For  generations, much of the nation has been forced to use cars, buses or  pricey aircraft to travel to nearby cities. But this year, Washington  opened the door to what may be a historic turning point in regional  travel.</p>
<p>The Department of Transportation awarded $8 billion among  31 states to begin developing America&#8217;s first nationwide high-speed  intercity passenger rail service.</p>
<p>Panyanouvong said he loves the idea of jumping on a train, turning on  his computer and getting some work done on his way to Tampa, &#8220;without  having to worry about traffic or driving.&#8221;</p>
<p>But the idea is much  bigger than convenience, say supporters, who believe high-speed  intercity rail will cut U.S. dependence on foreign oil, reduce  climate-changing pollution and fatten wallets by triggering economic  development.</p>
<p>Soon, Americans might find themselves rocketing along  ribbons of rails at 200 mph in sleek, painted passenger cars &#8212; never  stopping until they arrive at destinations awake and refreshed.</p>
<p>The  federal funding served as a down payment to develop the groundwork for  13 new high-speed rail corridors in the United States, including an  Orlando-Tampa route.</p>
<p>&#8220;High-speed rail in America is long overdue  and President Obama understands we can&#8217;t build the economy of the future  on the transportation networks of the past,&#8221; said Federal Railroad  Administrator Joseph Szabo.</p>
<p>Funded by the American Recovery and  Reinvestment Act, these new dollars represent a historic investment in  the country&#8217;s transportation infrastructure. It will help create jobs  and transform travel in America, according to a U.S. Department of  Transportation official.</p>
<p>&#8220;High-speed  rail will also revolutionize the way Americans travel by reducing U.S.  dependence on foreign oil, lowering harmful carbon emissions, fostering  new economic development and giving travelers more choices when it comes  to moving around the country,&#8221; said the official.</p>
<p>Despite these  promises from the government, high-speed rail comes with its share of  opponents, who say it is too expensive and won&#8217;t save energy. Some even  question if it will ever be built.</p>
<p>&#8220;Even in a strong economy, building high-speed rail makes little  sense, offering minimal reductions in travel times at exorbitant costs,&#8221;  said Ronald Utt, who is the Herbert and Joyce Morgan senior research  fellow for the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies at  the Heritage Foundation.</p>
<p>&#8220;For instance, one has to wonder what  exactly motivated the review team to endorse the proposed $1.1 billion  investment in the Kansas City-St. Louis-Chicago route, which would allow  customers to reach their destinations 10 percent faster than they could  by driving between Chicago and St. Louis,&#8221; said Utt.</p>
<p>Utt said the  $1.25 billion federal investment in a $3.2 billion project to build a  high-speed rail line between Orlando and Tampa would reduce travel time  between the two cities to less than one hour, compared to about 90  minutes by car. He said other projects have similar travel time  differences.</p>
<p>Randal O&#8217;Toole, a senior fellow with the CATO  Institute, said it is far more cost-effective to save energy by  encouraging people to drive more fuel-efficient cars than to build and  operate high-speed rail.</p>
<p>&#8220;Moreover, in places that do generate  electricity from renewable sources, it would be more cost-effective to  use that electricity to power electric or plug-in hybrid cars than  high-speed rail,&#8221; O&#8217;Toole said. &#8220;A Department of Energy report adds that  boosting train speeds to 110 mph will reduce the energy efficiency of  the trains, making them less energy efficient than automobiles.&#8221;</p>
<p>A  report from the United States Government Accountability Office also  highlights potential issues with high-speed rail plans in the United  States.</p>
<p>&#8220;Passenger rail service, especially services at higher and  high speeds, will require new safety rules, constant public capital  investment and operating subsidies, and balance with freight rail  service and the rest of the national transportation system &#8212; and  currently only some of these elements are in place,&#8221; according to a GAO  report.</p>
<p>While the recent federal funds may serve as a catalyst for  many projects and have generated high public expectations, the planning  necessary to meet the many concerns outlined above has not yet  occurred, the GAO report said.</p>
<p>&#8220;Given the funding, I would say  that it is fairly likely that at least a few moderate-speed rail  projects will eventually be completed,&#8221; said O&#8217;Toole. &#8220;But the  California high-speed rail project remains fairly unlikely considering  that more than three-fourths of its costs are not yet funded. Florida  probably has a 50-50 chance of completion since about half its costs are  funded.&#8221;</p>
<p>High-speed rail also has many supporters.</p>
<p>The  United States Conference of Mayors, American Association of State  Highway and Transportation Officials and America 2050 &#8212; a coalition of  regional planners, scholars and policy-makers &#8212; back high-speed rail  plans. The U.S. High Speed Rail Association is also among the  supporters.</p>
<p>&#8220;Experts in the oil industry have been saying for a  number of years now that there is not enough oil left in the ground to  continue our current level of consumption, not to mention no way to meet  growing demand, and we can expect half as much oil available to us in  the next 20 years,&#8221; said Andy Kunz, president and CEO of the rail  association.</p>
<p>&#8220;If we are to continue economic development and  prosperity, we will need to greatly reduce our daily oil consumption,  and high-speed rail is the only possible solution that can scale up to  meet the growing demand of American mobility while greatly reducing our  oil consumption,&#8221; said Kunz.</p>
<p>High-speed rail supporters say the industry would stimulate the economy by creating millions of jobs across numerous sectors.</p>
<p>&#8220;Based  on our company&#8217;s 45 years of experience with high-speed rail in Japan,  bringing high-speed rail to the United States will translate into jobs,&#8221;  said Mike Finnegan, an executive with US-Japan High Speed Rail and  US-Japan Maglev.</p>
<p>&#8220;Importantly, these jobs pay well and they cannot be shipped overseas.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;The $8 billion investment in high-speed rail for America is just the  beginning,&#8221; said Szabo. &#8220;We know that it won&#8217;t be built overnight, but  the federal government is committed to the long-term development of the  program. Of course, the Department of Transportation will fund projects  that have the best chances to succeed and have instituted rigorous  requirements to ensure successful completion of these projects.&#8221;</p>
<p>So  if and when high-speed rail does move forward in the United States, how  would it be built and what type of technology would be used?</p>
<p>The  Department of Transportation says funding for the program is &#8220;technology  neutral&#8221; and does not place preference on the type of technologies used  to build high-speed trains. Instead, it is allowing states and regions  to choose the technology, as well as routes and station locations that  meet their needs.</p>
<p>Most high-speed rail lines in the United States  will be upgraded using existing freight rail rights-of-way, but the  project in Florida and portions of California will be built on newly  constructed high-speed rail lines, said Nazih Haddad, the chief  operating officer for Florida Rail Enterprise.</p>
<p>Trains could reach  up to 168 mph on Florida&#8217;s high-speed line. Estimates from the U.S  Department of Transportation say speeds could reach up to 220 mph for  some portions of California&#8217;s rail lines, while most other regions would  top 110 mph.</p>
<p>Maglev train technology, which is popular in many  scientific circles around the world for its high speeds, is one mode of  high-speed rail that is not catching on in the United States because of  its high cost, according to the Department of Transportation and rail  industry insiders.</p>
<p>Maglev is a train technology in which magnetic  forces lift, propel and guide a vehicle over a guideway. It follows  guidance tracks with magnets and does not use steel wheels or steel  rails usually associated with trains.</p>
<p>A well-known high-speed  Maglev system operates commercially at Shanghai&#8217;s Pudong International  Airport in China. Its train reaches speeds of 268 mph and is much faster  than the high-speed trains proposed in the United States. Japan and  Germany also use Maglev train systems.</p>
<p>So what&#8217;s the time frame?</p>
<p>One Department of Transportation report said high-speed rail lines in portions of California may not be completed until 2026.</p>
<p>For Joe Panyanouvong and the millions of Americans searching for  solutions to &#8220;traffic headaches,&#8221; the answers appear complex and in some  cases, highly debatable and costly.</p>
<p>Panyanouvong will have to  wait until at least 2015 until he has a chance to chuck his car and ride  the rails from Orlando to Tampa.</p>
<p class="cnninline">Nonetheless, he said he&#8217;ll be ready. &#8220;I would rather keep my 2002 Nissan Maxima at home.&#8221;</p>
<p class="cnninline">By <strong>Katherine Dorsett</strong>, CNN</p>
<p class="cnninline"><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/8.18.10 Is the U.S. turning a corner on HSR [CNN].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article.</a></p>
<p class="cnninline">
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		<title>Seminole County cedes power on major road project</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=848</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=848#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Aug 2010 15:54:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Utility Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=848</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[  
  




The Seminole County has approved a plan that would outsource control over a major road construction project. 
The Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority will design, construct and then place tolls on the Wekiva Parkway.
&#8220;The citizens of Seminole  County who are going to be mostly be impacted by this will now no [...]]]></description>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The Seminole</span><span style="font-family: Arial;"> County</span><span style="font-family: Arial;"> has approved a plan that would outsource control over a major road construction project. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority will design, construct and then place tolls on the Wekiva Parkway.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span id="more-848"></span>&#8220;The citizens of Seminole  County who are going to be mostly be impacted by this will now no longer have a voice,&#8221; said Brenda Carey, the only commissioner to vote &#8220;no&#8221; on the plan.  Her colleagues said the plan is the only way to finish the beltway around Central Florida.</span></p>
<p>&#8220;The beauty about them building it is that they&#8217;re using toll money from the region to build a small section in Seminole County,&#8221; said Commissioner Bob Dallari.</p>
<p>He says Seminole County will have influence shaping the parkway with a seat on a right-of-way subcommittee.</p>
<p>But Commissioner Carey says the important decisions like where to place tolls and how much to charge will be made without local input.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="blogentrybyline"><span style="font-family: Arial;">By </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial;">Drew Petrimoulx </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;">August 10, 2010</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/8.10.10 Seminole County Cedes Power on Major Road  Project [wdbo.com].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article:</a><br />
</span></p>
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		<title>Road agency to start Wekiva Parkway work</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=845</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=845#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Jul 2010 14:32:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=845</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Metro Orlando&#8217;s main road-building agency is expected to approve today  the first steps toward building the final leg of a long-sought Central  Florida beltway.
The board likely will decide today to borrow $300 million to start  design of that missing link, called the Wekiva Parkway, as well as to  widen the area&#8217;s [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Metro Orlando&#8217;s main road-building agency is expected to approve today  the first steps toward building the final leg of a long-sought Central  Florida beltway.</p>
<p>The board likely will decide today to borrow $300 million to start  design of that missing link, called the Wekiva Parkway, as well as to  widen the area&#8217;s most popular toll road.<span id="more-845"></span><br />
&#8220;Things are starting to happen with the Wekiva,&#8221; said Walter Ketcham,  chairman of the Orlando Orange County Expressway Authority.</p>
<p>Agency officials say about $26 million of the planned debt, which would  be raised through the sale of fixed interest-rate bonds, would go toward  the parkway, the 26-mile final stage of the beltway around greater  Orlando.</p>
<p>Another $33 million would be spent on widening State Road 408, formerly  known as the East-West Expressway, and the most heavily traveled stretch  of pavement in the 105-mile system.</p>
<p>And about $76 million would be spent adding the last five miles to the John Land Apopka Expressway in northwest Orange.</p>
<p>The rest of the money would go toward more than 30 smaller projects,  such as repaving, minor widenings and sign improvements. &#8220;It&#8217;s part of  maintaining our roads,&#8221; said authority spokeswoman Lindsay Hodges.</p>
<p>The completion of John Land — five miles already are in place — sets the  stage for linking it to the Wekiva Parkway on the west end. The east  side is in Seminole, near Interstate 4.</p>
<p>Ketcham said the authority is close to signing agreements with Seminole  and Lake counties to allow the agency to build the parkway there.  Seminole, in particular, has been holding out for a seat on the  five-member authority board of directors, a change that would have to be  approved by the Legislature.</p>
<p>Today&#8217;s expected action by the agency means construction on the $1.8  billion Wekiva Parkway could start as early as 2014, with completion in  2018.</p>
<p>Nita Crowder, the authority&#8217;s chief financial officer, said the probable  bond sale would not have been possible without a toll increase and a  series of future raises pegged to the cost of living index approved by  the board last year.</p>
<p>All four of the candidates to replace Orange County Mayor Rich Crotty,  who also sits on the authority board because of his elected position,  have said they would like to roll back all or parts of the toll  increases.</p>
<p>Crotty, who leaves office and the board in January, dismissed the stands  of his would-be successors, saying, &#8220;the question has to be asked, &#8216;Do  you not support protecting the Wekiva (River)? Do you not support  completing the beltway?&#8217; &#8221;</p>
<p>Authority officials say it would be virtually impossible to reduce the  tolls because bonds have been sold based on the amount of money the  agency brings in from fees drivers pay. Right now, the agency is more  than $2.4 billion in debt and pays $135 million a year on the bonds.</p>
<p>Without the toll increases, Crowder said, the authority would not have  enough reserves, possibly leading to higher borrowing cost and, more  unlikely, the bondholders taking over the agency because not enough  money would be coming in.</p>
<p>In another financial matter today, the board also is expected to once  again give Crowder the go-ahead to try to get rid of $250 million worth  of variable-rate bonds that are swapped weekly. Those bonds — initially  sold in 2005 — once were popular but are hard to sell now because they  fell into disfavor with investors during the financial meltdown of 2008.</p>
<p>Crowder, who previously refinanced $200 million worth of bonds and saved  more than $9 million, said she would not get rid of the bonds unless  the pre-payment penalty was no more than $14 million.</p>
<p>By Dan Tracy, ORLANDO SENTINEL</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/7.27.10 Road agency to start Wekiva Parkway Work [Sentinel].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article</a></p>
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		<title>Crist saves road jobs with budget gamble</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=836</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=836#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Jun 2010 17:56:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=836</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Taking a calculated risk that Florida&#8217;s economy will be stronger in years ahead, Gov. Charlie Crist vetoed the Legislature&#8217;s ill-advised hijacking of transportation funds.
The move will save construction jobs and probably keep some construction companies out of bankruptcy, at a time of unprecedented hardship for the building industry.He also vetoed the USF pharmacy school in [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="bold">T</span>aking a calculated risk that Florida&#8217;s economy will be stronger in years ahead, Gov. Charlie Crist vetoed the Legislature&#8217;s ill-advised hijacking of transportation funds.</p>
<p>The move will save construction jobs and probably keep some construction companies out of bankruptcy, at a time of unprecedented hardship for the building industry.<span id="more-836"></span>He also vetoed the USF pharmacy school in Lakeland and several other worthy education projects, but their delay is acceptable. When revenue is as short as it is this year, some sacrifices are unavoidable.</p>
<p>Delaying the pharmacy school will give the Legislature time to reconsider putting it where it belongs and where it was originally intended, near the USF medical school in Tampa.</p>
<p>A bigger problem was the Legislature&#8217;s plan to spend $160 million in fuel taxes on public schools instead of roads. The switch would have allowed for a small increase this year in per-pupil spending, but according to the Florida Transportation Builders Association, the diversion would have caused $400 million in transportation projects to be delayed or canceled.</p>
<p>And Crist also was right to veto an unprecedented legislative attempt to force the Tampa-Hillsborough Expressway Authority to immediately repay $19 million of a long-term obligation to the State Department of Transportation.</p>
<p>The loss of the money would have delayed a planned widening of the toll road in Tampa and possibly hurt the agency&#8217;s bond rating.</p>
<p>From a larger perspective, it would have threatened all local toll agencies with legislative raids on their reserve funds. It would have added a new layer of politics to the straightforward concept of charging local users for improvements in local expressways.</p>
<p>As for the larger raid on the transportation trust fund, even if the entire $160 million had to be subtracted from school expenses, the per-pupil reduction would be less than 1 percent, an acceptable cut in these challenging times.</p>
<p>But Crist refused to veto the level of school spending set by lawmakers, so the money appears to be coming out of reserves.</p>
<p>And that has its own costs. House Speaker Larry Cretul said additional withdrawals of reserves could lower the state&#8217;s bond ratings. The Ocala Republican has a point, but so does Crist.</p>
<p>Postponing needed construction projects is no way to stimulate the economy or prepare for future growth. Crist is gambling that growth will return before the reserves are needed.</p>
<p>Even in the tight budget year, key lawmakers found lots of money for their pet projects. Crist pointed out that instead of tightening their belts, &#8220;they just spent like crazy. It&#8217;s incredible.&#8221;</p>
<p>He has vetoed some $371 million from the state budget, which really isn&#8217;t very much, only about one half of one percent of total spending. And it&#8217;s actually less than that in total savings, because he also restored $216 million to Medicaid.</p>
<p>The best thing that can be said about this year&#8217;s $70.4 billion budget is that it had less fat than usual, but it did have projects that were safe to delay, including the pharmacy school.</p>
<p>Many of the vetoed projects are in Miami-Dade County, which raises the question of why so much money was going to the home county of the House budget chairman, David Rivera, a Miami Republican.</p>
<p>The best of these vetoed projects, including the pharmacy school, will come back to life next year. But the bad pets won&#8217;t return, which will be a good deal for taxpayers.</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/6.2.10 Crist saves road jobs with budget gamble [Tampa Tribune].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article.</a></p>
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		<title>Florida Receives Largest Federal Share of High Speed Rail Funding</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=842</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=842#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 May 2010 19:16:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Florida has received $66.6 million in federal grant funding from the U.S. Department of Transportation to develop a brand new high speed rail system between Orlando and Tampa. Nearly $80 million in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grants to Florida and four other states for high speed rail development were announced today by Transportation [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Florida has received $66.6 million in federal grant funding from the U.S. Department of Transportation to develop a brand new high speed rail system between Orlando and Tampa. Nearly $80 million in American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) grants to Florida and four other states for high speed rail development were announced today by Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood at a regional leadership conference in central Florida. Florida’s first funding installment is part of the $1.25 billion grant to the state announced by the Administration in January.<span id="more-842"></span></p>
<p>“Florida received the largest share of grant funds because our federal partners realize we are ready to go now with our high speed rail project,” said Governor Crist. “Florida’s high speed rail will create efficient transportation options, boost our economy and put Floridians back to work.”</p>
<p>Florida’s grant covers the next six months of work and will include completing 30 percent of the design for the Orlando-Tampa segment, ramping up the public outreach plan, updating ridership projections, buying right of way and doing preliminary station design.</p>
<p>“All of this hard work and preparation is getting us closer to building the country’s first, true high speed rail system,” said Kevin Thibault, Interim Executive Director of the Florida Rail Enterprise. “We will eventually ask private companies to compete for the right to submit bids to build, operate and maintain the system.”</p>
<p>Work has already begun on Florida’s high speed rail project. Motorists will see soil testing crews working in the median of I-4 in the next few weeks. Other Florida firms have been doing aerial and ground surveys for the past two months. In addition, preliminary engineering and design work on the high speed rail project will begin shortly.</p>
<p>For more information, please visit www.floridahighspeedrail.org.</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/5.27.10 Florida Receives Largest Federal Share of HSR Funding [ABC News].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for the full article.</a></p>
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		<title>Wekiva Parkway plans are slow going now</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=834</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=834#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 24 May 2010 19:05:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Metro Orlando&#8217;s road-building agency asked Lake and Seminole counties six months ago for permission to construct a tolled highway in their jurisdictions.
The Orlando Orange County Expressway Authority is still waiting for a reply.But that silence should not be taken as a no, Lake and Seminole officials say. In fact, they say, they likely will give [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Metro Orlando&#8217;s road-building agency asked Lake and Seminole counties six months ago for permission to construct a tolled highway in their jurisdictions.</p>
<p>The Orlando Orange County Expressway Authority is still waiting for a reply.<span id="more-834"></span>But that silence should not be taken as a no, Lake and Seminole officials say. In fact, they say, they likely will give the authority written consent to build the so-called Wekiva Parkway on their soil within 60 to 90 days.</p>
<p>&#8220;We&#8217;re very supportive of the parkway,&#8221; said Lake County Commissioner Linda Stewart, whose district would be bisected by the road.</p>
<p>Added Seminole County Chairman Bob Dallari: &#8220;We&#8217;re hashing it through.&#8221;</p>
<p>But that&#8217;s not to say everyone agrees on everything.</p>
<p>Both Seminole and Lake officials want a seat on the policy-setting board of the authority. And Lake wants to ensure that a toll-free road will run along the parkway so that local residents will not be forced to pay, for example, to drive from Mount Dora to the Seminole Towne Center mall.</p>
<p>Agency officials say they cannot accommodate the request to enlarge the five-member board because it was established by the Florida Legislature, meaning a state law would have to be passed for the additions.</p>
<p>State Sen. Andy Gardiner, R- Orlando, has pushed for a regional authority but has not found enough support in the Legislature.</p>
<p>As for the toll-free road, the authority is working on plans for a local-access road, but is wrangling with Lake over who and how to pay for what could be a $90 million undertaking.</p>
<p>The 26-mile Wekiva Parkway would complete the beltway around greater Orlando by cutting through parts of Orange, Seminole and Lake counties. Construction on the $1.8 billion project could start as early as 2014, with completion in 2018.</p>
<p>Probably the biggest holdup has been acquiring the necessary state and federal approvals for the road because it would run through environmentally sensitive land, primarily the Wekiva River and surrounding wetlands. Hemmed in by housing and commercial tracts, the river starts at Wekiva Springs in Orange and mingles with more springs as it flows 14 miles between Seminole and Lake counties to the St. Johns River.</p>
<p>Right now, three bridges cross the river, the most prominent being State Road 46 between Mount Dora and Sanford. Wildlife often is killed attempting to cross the road, which rolls through largely rural land.</p>
<p>Ecologists such as Charles Lee of Audubon of Florida support the parkway because they believe a limited-access road would reduce environmental damage by preventing large-scale development that often follows new roads.</p>
<p>But Lee said he is worried the project is in danger because, in his estimation, the authority is moving too slowly on winning permits and getting the signatures of Lake and Seminole counties. He fears the road might get bogged down in administrative hassles and never be built.</p>
<p>&#8220;I&#8217;m very concerned,&#8221; Lee said.</p>
<p>Road builders have talked about the parkway for years, but no one had enough money to build it. That changed a year ago, when the authority voted in a 25-cent toll increase, as well as a series of future inflation-adjusted rate increases.</p>
<p>Over time, the agency should have the cash it needs for the parkway, but that has not stopped authority director Mike Snyder from looking for a funding partner. Paying for the entire road would almost double the agency&#8217;s existing debt of $2.1 billion, and $360 million worth of other projects are already in line ahead of the parkway.</p>
<p>Former authority Chairman Rich Crotty recently wrote a letter seeking up to $450 million from the federal government to pay for the road&#8217;s planned interchange with Interstate 4. That request helped prompt the agency to undergo the rigorous federal environmental assessment of the project.</p>
<p>Snyder said the authority should finish the federal paperwork within weeks and could begin holding public hearings on the road&#8217;s alignment by the end of the summer. That could lead to final federal approval near year&#8217;s end.</p>
<p>&#8220;It doesn&#8217;t look like it from the outside,&#8221; Snyder said, &#8220;but we really have made progress.&#8221;</p>
<p>Author: Dan Tracy</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/5.24.10 Wekiva Parkway plans are slow going [Orlando Sentinel].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for full article.</a></p>
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		<title>Key road projects delayed, dropped &#8212; but rail on track</title>
		<link>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=830</link>
		<comments>http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=830#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Apr 2010 16:07:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Commuter Rail]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Road Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.hhbslawblog.com/?p=830</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Dwindling state tax dollars are postponing or scrapping nearly $119 million worth of road improvements in Central Florida, including extra lanes to a stretch of traffic-clogged Interstate 4 through downtown Orlando.
But the planned $1.2 billion SunRail commuter train remains on schedule.&#8220;My orders are the same: Keep moving forward on the project,&#8221; said Todd Hammerle, who [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dwindling state tax dollars are postponing or scrapping nearly $119 million worth of road improvements in Central Florida, including extra lanes to a stretch of traffic-clogged Interstate 4 through downtown Orlando.</p>
<p>But the planned $1.2 billion SunRail commuter train remains on schedule.<span id="more-830"></span>&#8220;My orders are the same: Keep moving forward on the project,&#8221; said Todd Hammerle, who manages SunRail for the Florida Department of Transportation.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s good news for backers of mass transit, but not so great to those who rely on their cars and trucks to get around.</p>
<p>&#8220;To maintain our quality of life here — as it is, for better or for worse — means at a minimum maintaining our current road networks,&#8221; said William Shallcross, a Winter Park developer.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the problem: Collection of several taxes earmarked for road work is off by more than $75 million this budget year. The worst hit are fees from drivers licenses, vehicle registrations and titles. All together, the state is projecting a drop of almost $488 million to its five-year work plan.</p>
<p>Florida DOT officials are spreading the pain of the deficit over the entire state. That means the nine Central Florida counties that comprise District 5 are losing or pushing back 22 jobs. Some are just delayed a few months, from one fiscal year to the next.</p>
<p>But the I-4 segment from Orange Blossom Trail to Ivanhoe Boulevard fell out of the five-year plan, saving FDOT about $42 million. Another $10 million to buy land on another portion of I-4 was pushed from 2011 to 2012. Both are part of a planned $1 billion makeover of the freeway.</p>
<p>&#8220;You&#8217;re not really a project until you are in the work program,&#8221; said Roger Neiswender, Orlando&#8217;s chief transportation planner. &#8220;Bottom line: You&#8217;re out of the money.&#8221;</p>
<p>A widening job on U.S. Highway 441 in Lake County also was dropped from the work plan, while some preliminary engineering work on State Road 40 in Volusia County was pushed back to 2014, from 2013.</p>
<p>The financial crunch could worsen, too.</p>
<p>Members of the Florida House are talking about swiping nearly $460 million from FDOT&#8217;s $7 billion annual allotment to balance the state&#8217;s general budget. The Senate has not seriously discussed raiding FDOT, at least not yet.</p>
<p>Losing even more money would be devastating to the state&#8217;s road network<strong> </strong>and its struggling economy, said Bob Burleson, president of Florida&#8217;s Transportation Builders Association, a Tallahassee lobbying group.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s only going to make a bad situation worse,&#8221; Burleson said. &#8220;It will speed up layoffs [in road construction].&#8221;</p>
<p>The House briefly considered shelving SunRail for a year, but the idea was voted down. The state is expected to set aside tens of millions of dollars this year for the train, which would link DeLand in Volusia County with downtown Orlando and Poinciana in Osceola County.</p>
<p>Construction could begin next year, with operations of the first 31 miles starting in 2013. The entire 61-mile system could be up and running by 2015.</p>
<p>Legislators contend that the train, a top priority of area leaders for several years, will create thousands of construction jobs, along with providing an alternative for motorists tired of idling in traffic. Adding an extra lane in either direction to I-4 for 61 miles could cost as much as $7 billion.</p>
<p>Burleson said<strong> </strong>he understands why SunRail is important to Metro Orlando. But, he said, residents and elected officials need to understand that road dollars are lost for good once they are spent elsewhere.</p>
<p>&#8220;The only thing we do is fall further and further behind. It&#8217;s not a pretty picture right now,&#8221; Burleson said.</p>
<p>Officials who support SunRail say they are not happy about losing road projects, particularly I-4, the area&#8217;s main transportation spine.</p>
<p>&#8220;That&#8217;s pretty troubling to the region,&#8221; said Orange County Mayor Rich Crotty, who backs SunRail and serves on MetroPlan, which sets transportation policy in Orange, Seminole and Osceola counties.</p>
<p>&#8220;Robbing Peter to pay Paul should not be the plan,&#8221; added Seminole County Commission Chairman Bob Dallari, also a MetroPlan member.</p>
<p>George Lovett, FDOT director of transportation development, told a recent MetroPlan meeting that his agency has lost nearly $10 billion since 2006 because of the poor economy and the Legislature taking road money for other needs.</p>
<p>&#8220;We&#8217;re sort of teetering on the edge,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>But there are factors working in FDOT&#8217;s favor: He said that land and construction prices have fallen because of the recession.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s a shame&#8221;<strong> </strong>projects are being delayed, Lovett said. &#8220;We wish we didn&#8217;t have to move them.&#8221;</p>
<p><em><br />
</em></p>
<p><strong>Road work knocked off track</strong><br />
Five key projects being delayed or dropped:<br />
Orange County<br />
•Add lanes and reconstruct West State Road 50, from Florida&#8217;s Turnpike to Avalon Road, $12.9 million delayed from 2012 to 2013.<br />
•Add lanes and reconstruct Interstate 4, from Orange Blossom Trail to Ivanhoe Blvd., $42.3 million, from 2014 out of the work plan.<br />
Lake County<br />
•Add lanes and reconstruct U.S. Highway 441, from Martin Luther King Blvd. to Lake Ella Road, $32 million out of the 5-year work program from 2014.<br />
Volusia County<br />
•Preliminary engineering work to widen portions of State Road 40, $12.5 million, from 2013 to 2014.<br />
Districtwide<br />
•Resurfacing, $8 million from 2010 out of the work program.<br />
Source: Florida Department of Transportation</p>
<p>By Dan Tracy, Orlando Sentinel</p>
<p><a href="http://hhbslawblog.com/news/articles/4.21.10 Key road projects delayed, dropped [Sentinel].pdf" target="_blank">Click here for article.</a></p>
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